Demography

Older Tibetan woman sits in her living room in China.

Demography

Analyzing demographic policies and challenges in China.

Overview

In effect for almost 40 years (1979-2015), China’s “One-Child Policy” comprised the world’s most far reaching and stringent attempt at population control. Now, in the face of serious demographic challenges – including an aging population, a stubbornly low fertility rate, and a heavily skewed sex ratio – China’s government has relaxed the policy to two children and is tentatively moving to end all birth restrictions. Yet the true social and economic consequences of China’s population policies remain unclear. There are also increasing concerns about a shrinking workforce, difficulty caring for an elderly population, a surplus of unmarried men, the wellbeing of only children, and the tragic legacy of as many as 30 million “missing girls” through sex-selective abortion, neglect, and abandonment. These demographic issues will be among the most important long-term challenges for China.

Journal Articles

Teaching the Language of Wider Communication, Minority Students, and Overall Educational Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Qinghai Province, China

Economic Development and Cultural Change, 2015

Journal Articles

All Research Initiatives

Demography

Overview

The Motherhood Penalty in China: Magnitudes, Trends, and the Role of Grandparenting

Tracking China's Economic Path

Wage Differential between Rural Migrants and Urban Workers in the People's Republic of China

Parental Migration and Early Childhood Development in Rural China

Land Reform and Sex Selection in China

Parental Migration, Educational Achievement, and Mental Health of Junior High School Students in Rural China

Understanding the Situation of China’s Left‐Behind Children: A Mixed‐Methods analysis

Fertility, Household Structure, and Parental Labor Supply: Evidence from China

Human Capital and China’s Future Growth

Skill Complementarities and Returns to Higher Education: Evidence from College Enrollment Expansion in China

The Education Gap of China's Migrant Children and Rural Counterparts

Effect of Parental Migration on the Academic Performance of Left-behind Middle School Students in Rural China

The Effect of Maternal Migration on Early Childhood Development in Rural China

The New Rural Social Pension Program in Rural China: Participation and its Correlates

The Retirement Consumption Puzzle Revisited: Evidence from the Mandatory Retirement Policy in China

Gender and Off-farm Employment: Evidence from Rural China

Adult child migration and elderly parental health in rural China

Effects of Parental Migration on Mental Health of Left-Behind Children: Evidence from Northwestern China

How Off-farm Employment Affects Technical Efficiency of China’s Farms: The Case of Jiangsu

China's Left Behind Children: Impact of Parental Migration on Health, Nutrition and Educational Outcomes

Non-use of health care service among empty-nest elderly in Shandong, China: a cross-sectional study

Teaching the Language of Wider Communication, Minority Students, and Overall Educational Performance: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment in Qinghai Province, China

The Retirement Consumption Puzzle in China

Girl Adoption in China: A Less-Known Side of Son Preference

Unequal Access to College in China: How Far Have Poor, Rural Students Been Left Behind?